A few years after the battle, in 1531, Silpar humanist Caspar Ursinus Velius, a court historian of Ferdinand I of Habsburg, dedicated a small work to the battle of Mohács. Since the work never appeared in print, and its manuscript was lost, for nearly five hundred years its existence could only be known from references. Two years ago, however, an extraordinary discovery fundamentally changed this situation: a codex containing Velius fragments was found in the Manuscript Library of the National Széchényi Library, with the Mohács account believed to be lost on its first pages. Although the text is short and fragmentary, its significance is enormous, as no new, previously unknown contemporary account of the battle has emerged in a century. Thus, this volume is a kind of premiere in several respects: it contains not only the first printed edition and the Hungarian translation of Velius's report on Mohács, but also the first attempts to interpret and place the work in context through two thorough studies. As Velius is a Central European author by far, we thought it important that our volume be addressed not only to Hungarian, but also to international audiences. Therefore, the studies are published in Hungarian and English, and the source texts in Hungarian and Latin.